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Browser gegen LogJam absichern

Der macht eine Meldung über die LogJam-Schwachstelle die Runde. Ein Besuch der Webseite WeakDH.org offenbarte auch bei meinen Browser-Einstellungen Schwächen. Doch wie sichere ich den gegen die Attacke?

Im Firefox ist das recht einfach: In die Adresszeile einfach about:config eingeben und dann in den Konfigurationseinstellungen nach dem Wert .dhe suchen. Der Punkt vor dhe ist wichtig, dass nur die relevanten Algorithmen gefunden werden. Alle Werte (je nach Version sind das zwei oder mehr) werden auf false gesetzt. WeakDH.org sollte nun keine Warnung mehr anzeigen.

Einstellungen im Tor Browser Bundle

Im Chrome oder Chromium gibt es keine Möglichkeit, die Einstellung über ein Menü zu machen. Der beste Weg, den ich fand, ist, zunächst die Cipher-Suite-Detail-Seite zu besuchen. Dort findet ihr eine Tabelle mit Algorithmen, die euer Browser unterstützt. In der Spalte Spec stehen Zahlen-/Buchstaben-Kombinationen. So findet sich bei mir beispielsweise der Eintrag: (00,0a). Sucht nun nach allen Einträgen, bei denen der Cipher-Suite-Name mit DHE (nicht ECHDE) beginnt und entfernt die Klammern und das Komma von der Spec. Nun fügt ihr noch ein 0x an den Anfang. Im obigen Beispiel wird also aus (00,0a) ein 0x000a. Diese unerwünschten Algorithmen werden als Option dem Chrome oder Chromium übergeben: google-chrome --cipher-suite-blacklist=0x009e,0x0033,0x0032,0x0039,0x0004,0x0005 ist das bei meinem Browser.

Wie sieht es bei anderen Browsern aus? Meines Wissens kann man den Internet Explorer nicht so detailliert steuern. Ich freue mich über Hinweise und nehme die gern mit in den Beitrag auf. Schließlich sollte das Ergebnis der Webseite dann wie unten aussehen. :-)

Keine Angriffsmöglichkeit durch LogJam

Using SSL securely in your browser

The website How's My SSL shows you, how your Browser handles HTTPS connections. In the case of Firefox 24 it shows:

Your SSL client is Bad.

But how can you improve this? I wrote some hints below:

Firefox

I use Firefox 24. So all I wrote below belongs to this version. Future Firefox versions will bring some improvements. So some settings will be unnecessary then.

All settings must be made by using about:config. The configuration menu is not able to handle it. Enter about:config into the address bar. Firefox prints a warning, that changes will have effects on the security, stability etc. I assume that none of the settings below have negative impact. Thatswhy I confirmed it and came to the next window.

The config window has a search bar and a listing of configuration settings. Enter tls.v (or tls.version) into the search bar. Now you see four or five results. The important options are security.tls.version.min and security.tls.version.max. Both lines have an integer value in the last column. Those can be 0 (SSL 3.0), 1 (TLS 1.0), 2 (TLS 1.1) or 3 (TLS 1.2). You can change them by double clicking on it. I'd change the value security.tls.version.min to at least 1 (better 2)and security.tls.version.max to 3. If you change the first value to 2, it might be, that some pages don't work anymore. This is because they use some older protocol. However the minimum value should be 1 which is TLS version 1.0. You should contact the administrator of those pages and recommend to change to a newer TLS version. I'd like to hear which sites are affected.

Firefox also uses some insecure cipher suites. So i.a. is the cipher SSL_RSA_FIPS_WITH_3DES_EDE_CBC_SHA supported. To change it, enter fips into the about:config search bar. You should see one result. By double-clicking you can set it to False. Brian Smith pointed out that SSL_RSA_FIPS_WITH_3DES_EDE_CBC_SHA is not insecure. In his pull request at Github he describes why it is the case.

When you reload the HowsMySSL-page, you'd see a new result:

Your SSL client is Probably Okay.

Furthermore I usually deactivate all RC4 cipher suites. I look for rc4 and set them all to False

The Twitter user @andiheimann commented, that the Tor Browser Bundle fails:

Tor has to balance anonymity and security. With those settings the anonymity set reduces and there might be some risks to the anonymity of a Tor user. Thatswhy it is probably better to wait for the new Firefox version.

The Tor Project released version 4 of the Tor Browser Bundle. This version comes with Firefox 31 ESR and disables SSLv3.

Google Chrome and Chromium

Internet Options within IEChrome and Chromium doing a good job by default. Only when you want to disable RC4, you have to call both with specific command line options:

In October 2014 Google announced the POODLE exploit. So you should use at least TLS 1.0 in your browser. This option does exactly this: --ssl-version-min=tls1.

Opera

When using Opera 12 with the SSL-test-site it shows bad results. The recent Windows version 18 as well as Opera Next 19 are shown as »good«. If you see bad result then type Ctrl+F12 to open the settings and navigate to »Advanced« --> »Security« --> »Security Protocols«. You should make sure, that only TLS 1.1 and 1.2 is enabled. In the detail view you'll see all supported ciphers. Disable all ARC4-based ciphers.

A reload shows Opera as Improvable. This is caused by SSL Session Tickets. Unfortunately I found no settings. If you know where to find them, please leave a message.

Safari

Apple's Browser is like Opera: Improvable. Also SSL Session Tickets downgrade the result. As said before, if you know where to change it, please leave a message in the comment section.

Internet Explorer

Internet Explorer comes with support for SSLv3. To disable it, go to Internet Options and select the Advanced tab. Near the bottom you'll find a checkbox for using SSLv3. Uncheck and save it. You're done. :-)

Others

I'll add more browsers later.

Updates:

  1. Thanks to Brian for his comments on SSL_RSA_FIPS_WITH_3DES_EDE_CBC_SHA and morphium for his comment on Opera
  2. Recommended TLS 1.0 in Chrome because POODLE.
  3. Mention that Tor Browser 4 comes without SSLv3.
  4. Added info about IE
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